Snakes in Virginia
Here are common snakes found in Virginia, including 3 venomous species to watch for. Tap any snake for a full identification profile.
Venomous snakes in Virginia
VenomousCopperhead
Agkistrodon contortrix
Responsible for more venomous snakebites than any other US species, but its bite is rarely fatal. Excellent camouflage in leaf litter leads to surprise encounters.
VenomousCottonmouth (Water Moccasin)
Agkistrodon piscivorus
A semi-aquatic pit viper named for the white interior of its mouth, which it gapes as a warning. The only venomous water snake in North America.
VenomousTimber Rattlesnake
Crotalus horridus
A large forest rattlesnake of the eastern US with a calm temperament but highly potent venom. Often confused with the harmless Eastern Ratsnake.
Harmless snakes in Virginia
Non-venomousCorn Snake
Pantherophis guttatus
A harmless, beneficial constrictor and one of the most popular pet snakes in the world. Frequently mistaken for the venomous copperhead.
Non-venomousEastern Ratsnake
Pantherophis alleghaniensis
A large, harmless constrictor and one of the best natural rodent controllers around homes and farms. Juveniles are gray and blotched, leading to copperhead confusion.
Non-venomousNorthern Watersnake
Nerodia sipedon
A harmless aquatic snake constantly killed out of fear that it is a cottonmouth. It bites readily when grabbed but has no venom.
Non-venomousScarlet Kingsnake
Lampropeltis elapsoides
A harmless coral snake mimic. Its red bands touch black bands — 'red touches black, friend of Jack' — separating it from the venomous coral snake.
Mildly venomousEastern Hognose Snake
Heterodon platirhinos
A harmless toad-eater famous for its theatrics — it hisses, flattens its neck like a cobra, then flips over and plays dead. Rear-fanged with toxin that affects only amphibians.
Non-venomousEastern Ribbon Snake
Thamnophis saurita
A slender, harmless relative of the garter snake with crisp stripes and a notably long tail. Common around water but completely harmless.
Non-venomousEastern Milk Snake
Lampropeltis triangulum
A harmless constrictor with bold blotches, often killed because it is mistaken for a copperhead or coral snake. A beneficial rodent and snake predator.
Non-venomousBlack Racer
Coluber constrictor
A slender, fast, harmless snake that flees at high speed when disturbed. Often mistaken for something dangerous because of its dark color and nervous, alert behavior.
Non-venomousRough Green Snake
Opheodrys aestivus
A gentle, bright-green insect-eater that lives in bushes and is almost impossible to see against leaves. One of the most harmless snakes in North America.
Mildly venomousRing-necked Snake
Diadophis punctatus
A tiny, secretive snake with a bright neck ring and a vivid orange-yellow belly it curls to flash when threatened. Harmless to people despite mild rear-fanged saliva.
Non-venomousEastern Kingsnake
Lampropeltis getula
A powerful, harmless constrictor famous for eating rattlesnakes and copperheads — it is immune to their venom. A homeowner's best natural defense against venomous snakes.
Non-venomousDeKay's Brownsnake
Storeria dekayi
A tiny, gentle brown snake that thrives in cities and backyards. Frequently found under stepping stones and flowerpots, and completely harmless.
Identifying snakes in Virginia
Knowing your location is one of the most powerful tools in snake identification. Many snakes look similar, but the species actually present in Virginia narrows the possibilities dramatically. When you use our snake identifier, factor in your state to boost confidence — and if you ever spot a snake you can't identify, treat it as potentially dangerous and keep your distance.